If spring could possess its own fragrance, it would be that of the lilac. The heady scent which emanates from most species clearly states that everything is growing, and life has begun anew. These lovely plants, which can grow as shrubs, or as small trees are well known for both their elegant blooms and their unmistakable perfume. Lilacs provide double the delight in gardens, parks, or wherever they are used.
Lilacs belong to the Oleaceae family. The name for their genus is Syringa, a term derived from a word for 'tube' or 'pipe'. This name refers to the reed-like stem of some species of young lilacs. Syringa is a small genus, with only roughly twenty species identified. Its homeland includes parts of Europe and Asia, though now these plants are found all over temperate zones. The plants produce multiple blossoms all around a single stem. The result is a large cluster of fragrant blooms which is several inches long in most species. The small flowers themselves are usually about ¼ of an inch in diameter and typically have four petals in tight, bell shaped formations. They come in pink, white and most often appear in the pale purple termed 'lilac' after these blooms. Lilacs bloom profusely in the spring, filling the air with majestic floral tones. Left to themselves, lilacs will produce clusters of blooms along old wood. Pruning can confuse many species as they will try to generate more stalks or branches, rather than waste energy on flowering.
These stately plants are not only useful for their beauty and fragrance, but the wood of many species is desirable as well. The wood of the lilac is extremely dense and hard, making it useful for many applications. The wood also offers a variety of colors, from soft tans in the sapwood, to browns and purples in the heartwood. Through the ages lilac has been an excellent choice for many purposes including as handles for knives and other tools, and for carving and engraving. Today the most widespread use for lilacs is purely decorative, a way to enhance one's surroundings with huge bundles of fantastic smelling blossoms.